What role does GABA play in psychological disorders?

GABA, or gamma-aminobutyric acid, is a major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Its primary function is to reduce neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system. In the context of psychological disorders, particularly anxiety disorders, GABA is crucial because it helps to regulate anxiety levels. When GABA binds to its receptors, it has a calming effect, which can counteract feelings of anxiety.

Individuals with anxiety disorders often exhibit diminished GABAergic activity, which can result in heightened levels of anxiety and associated symptoms. This is why medications that enhance GABA activity, such as benzodiazepines, are commonly prescribed to help alleviate anxiety symptoms. These medications work by facilitating the inhibitory action of GABA, leading to reduced anxiety and a sense of relaxation.

In summary, GABA's role in anxiety emphasizes its importance in maintaining emotional stability, making it a key player in understanding anxiety disorders.